When someone is unconscious, their life is in danger. Their airway might be blocked, they may not be breathing, and their blood circulation could have stopped. It is important to follow the primary survey steps to assess casualties in the order of DRABC: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. Remember to take quick action because brain damage or even death can happen quickly. A secondary survey is performed after completing the primary steps of first aid.
Primary Survey in First Aid Using DRABC
When helping someone in an emergency, you always start with the primary survey. This means you quickly assess what is happening and the person’s needs.
The primary survey uses the letters DRABC to help you remember the steps: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing and Circulation.
D – Danger: First, you check for danger around you, such as oncoming traffic or a falling object.
R – Response: Next, see if the person responds. Gently shake their shoulders when you talk to them. Are they awake or unconscious?
A – Airway: Then, make sure their airway is clear. That means checking if anything is blocking their breathing passage.
B – Breathing: After that, check if they’re breathing normally. Look, listen, and feel for any signs of breathing.
C – Circulation: Finally, check for signs of circulation, like a pulse. This tells you if their heart is beating.
Knowing what to do next could help save someone’s life, so it’s important to follow these steps in the correct order.

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